The working principle of CNC milling

Before being incorporated into CNC, the control in the milling machine was manually performed. This gives a lot of room for error. The final product appears in the mind or vision of a mechanic, similar to the way an artist paints. However, with the addition of CNC, milling has become a highly precise and precise process, involving some steps. Creating CNC milling parts involves four sequential steps:
Design 3D models
Convert the model into machine code
Set up milling machine
Actual grinding
Design 3D models
The first step in the CNC milling process is to design a CAD (computer-aided design) model of the part to be milled. This is executed using CAD programs that can be used for this purpose. Any features that are part of the final product must be specified in the design. We have developed some standards and guidelines that every designer should follow to carry out the correct CNC milling design.
A simple CAD 3D model (source: GrabCAD. com)
Conversion from CAD to G-Code
The CNC milling machine cannot understand its native CAD file format. On the contrary, they rely on digital instructions called G-Code, which guides them on how to move in 3D space. Therefore, it is necessary to convert CAD models to G-Code. This is where computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) programs come in. After completing a CAD model, the designer exports it to a CAM program, which reads the model and converts it into the corresponding G-Code.
Set up CNC milling machine
Next is the machine setup. Before running the CNC program, the operator needs to set up the CNC milling machine by attaching the workpiece to the working surface of the rolling mill; Fix the appropriate cutting tool onto the spindle of the grinder; And prepare any necessary cutting fluids.
Perform actual milling
After setting up the machine, the operator initiates the milling process through the machine interface. The machine begins actual milling by rotating the cutting tool around its axis at a very high speed of up to thousands of revolutions per minute (revolutions per minute). According to the nature of the milling machine, the cutting action on the workpiece is achieved through one of the following movements:
The cutting tool moves on a fixed workpiece
The workpiece is fed into a stationary, rotating cutting tool
The workpiece and cutting tool both move relative to each other
One of the following operations will continue intermittently, making small cuts each time until the machine produces the desired object. When the tool comes into contact with the workpiece, its cutting edge repeatedly cuts into and leaves the surface of the workpiece, effectively scraping away chips from the workpiece through shear force.